A Framework for Carbon Accounting for Sustainable Supply Chains using Blockchain, IoT, and AI

Abstract: Carbon accounting plays a pivotal role in promoting sustainability by monitoring carbon emissions throughout supply chains and encouraging eco-friendly practices, combating climate change. It can help organizations identify major carbon emission sources, enabling them to focus carbon emissions reduction efforts. This can help achieve some of the UN sustainable development goals, such as sustainable cities, clean energy, and climate action. However, current systems lack transparency, traceability, trust, and decision making to effectively perform carbon accounting and make suitable recommendations. Emerging technologies like Blockchain can enable carbon emission data transparency, traceability, and security, while the Internet of Things enables precise data tracking. Artificial intelligence (AI) can enable data analysis and process data into information and identify high carbon emission hotspots in the supply chain. Integrating these technologies as a single framework creates a secure and reliable system for performing carbon accounting and assisting in decision making for measures to reduce carbon emissions in the supply chain. In this paper, we present a conceptual framework for using these technologies for carbon accounting and discuss how it can facilitate achieving some of the sustainable development goals. We discuss the implications, challenges, and barriers of this framework, followed by future research directions.

 
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